import cv2
import numpy as np
import Utilities
import math

MAX_LUM_VALUES = 256

# Task 1
# function to stretch an image
def stretchHistogram(img):
    result = img.copy()

    grayscale = getLuminance(img)
    hist = calculateHistogram(grayscale, MAX_LUM_VALUES)
    minPos, maxPos = findMinMaxPos(hist)

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):
            result[x][y] = (grayscale[x][y] - minPos) / (maxPos - minPos) * 255.0

    return result


# Task 2
# function to equalize an image
def equalizeHistogram(img):
    result = img.copy()

    grayscale = getLuminance(img)
    hist = calculateHistogram(grayscale, MAX_LUM_VALUES)
    minPos, maxPos = findMinMaxPos(hist)

    # Precompute integral of histogram from left to right.
    sum = 0
    integral = []
    for i in range(0, hist.shape[0]):
        sum += hist[i]
        integral.append(sum)

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):
            # Compute histogram value of pixel.
            bin = int(img[x][y][0] / 255.0 * (MAX_LUM_VALUES - 1))
            # Equalize pixel.
            result[x][y] = (255.0 - 1.0) / (img.shape[0] * img.shape[1]) * integral[bin]

    return result


# Hilfsfunktion
# function to apply a look-up table onto an image
def applyLUT(img, LUT):
    result = img.copy()

    grayscale = getLuminance(img)

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):
            # Compute histogram value of pixel.
            bin = int(grayscale[x][y][0] / 255.0 * (MAX_LUM_VALUES - 1))

            result[x][y][0] = LUT[bin]
            result[x][y][1] = LUT[bin]
            result[x][y][2] = LUT[bin]

    return result


# Hilfsfunktion
# function to find the minimum an maximum in a histogram
def findMinMaxPos(histogram):
    minPos = 0
    maxPos = 255

    for x in range(0, histogram.shape[0]):
        if histogram[x] > 0:
            minPos = x
            break

    for x in range(histogram.shape[0] - 1, 0):
        if histogram[x] > 0:
            maxPos = x
            break

    return minPos, maxPos


# Hilfsfunktion
# function to create a vector containing the histogram
def calculateHistogram(img, nrBins):
    # create histogram vector
    histogram = np.zeros([nrBins], dtype=int)

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):
            bin = int(img[x][y][0] / 255.0 * (nrBins - 1))
            histogram[bin] = histogram[bin] + 1

    return histogram


def luminanceD65(rgb: np.ndarray) -> np.float64:
    """
    Compute the luminance value of the specified linear RGB values
    according to the D65 white point.

    @param rgb(np.ndarray): sRGB image

    @returns The luminance value
    """
    return np.float64(rgb @ [0.2126, 0.7152, 0.0722])


def getLuminance(img):
    result = img.copy()

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):
            lum = luminanceD65(img[x][y])
            result[x][y][0] = lum
            result[x][y][1] = lum
            result[x][y][2] = lum

    return result


def apply_log(img):
    grayscale = getLuminance(img)
    result = img.copy()

    # Logarithmic scale factor.
    LOG_SCALE_FACTOR = 2.0

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):

            # Compute logarithmically scaled D65 luminace
            # and clamp result to be smaller 255.
            lum = min(255,
                math.log(grayscale[x][y][0]/255.0 + 1)
                * 255.0 * LOG_SCALE_FACTOR)

            result[x][y][0] = lum
            result[x][y][1] = lum
            result[x][y][2] = lum

    return result


def apply_exp(img):
    grayscale = getLuminance(img)
    result = img.copy()

    # Logarithmic scale factor.
    EXP_SCALE_FACTOR = 0.5

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):

            # Compute logarithmically scaled D65 luminace
            # and clamp result to be smaller 255.
            lum = min(255,
                (math.exp(grayscale[x][y][0]/255.0) - 1)
                * 255.0 * EXP_SCALE_FACTOR)

            result[x][y][0] = lum
            result[x][y][1] = lum
            result[x][y][2] = lum

    return result


def apply_inverse(img):
    grayscale = getLuminance(img)
    result = img.copy()

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):

            # Compute logarithmically scaled D65 luminace
            # and clamp result to be smaller 255.
            lum = 255.0 - grayscale[x][y][0]

            result[x][y][0] = lum
            result[x][y][1] = lum
            result[x][y][2] = lum

    return result


def apply_threshold(img, threshold):
    grayscale = getLuminance(img)
    result = img.copy()

    for x in range(0, img.shape[0]):
        for y in range(0, img.shape[1]):

            lum = 0
            if grayscale[x][y][0] >= threshold:
                lum = 255

            result[x][y][0] = lum
            result[x][y][1] = lum
            result[x][y][2] = lum

    return result